核医学检查受检者所受辐射剂量分析

Analysis of patient radiation dose from nuclear medicine examinations

目的 对核医学检查受检者所受辐射剂量进行测量和分析,以有效剂量表征受检者受到的辐射强度.方法 对核医学检查受检者进行分类,并测量计算所受放射性药物的辐射剂量,受检者所受计算机断层扫描（CT）辐射剂量,通过CT扫描参数和受检者信息等计算得到,上述两者相加换算得到受检者检查所受的有效剂量,并分析受检者所受辐射剂量的影响因素.结果 受检者正电子发射断层计算机成像（PET-CT）检查受到正电子放射性药物18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖（18F-FDG）、18F-氟代胸苷（18 F-FLT）、11C-胆碱（11 C-choline）、11 C-蛋氨酸（12C-MET）和11C-乙酸盐（11 C-Ac）辐射所致有效剂量分别为（5.06±0.73）、（4.74±1.29）、（1.71 ±0.05）、（3.18 ±0.69）和（1.08±0.19）mSv;CT常规扫描辐射有效剂量为（8.80 ±0.58） mSv,若增加诊断CT扫描,接受的有效剂量可增大至27 mSv;单光子发射计算机断层成像（ECT）检查受到单光子放射性药物99Tcm-亚甲基二磷酸盐（99Tcm-MDP）、99 Tcm-大颗粒聚合白蛋白（99 Tcm-MAA）、99Tcm-二乙基三胺五乙酸（99Tcm-DTPA）、99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈（99Tcm-MIBI）和99Tcm-焦磷酸盐（99Tcm-PYP）辐照所致的有效剂量分别为（4.63±0.01）、（1.71±0.01）、（1.18±0.01）、（7.19±0.03）和（4.18 ±0.01）mSv.结论 核医学检查受检者受到放射性药物辐射的有效剂量在1.08～7.19 mSv之间,PET-CT检查中CT所致有效剂量是8.80 mSv.

Objective To measure and analyze the radiation dose for patients undergoing nuclear medicine examination,and to characterize radiation exposure of patients by using the estimated effective dose.Methods Patients undergoing nuclear medicine examinations were classified and the radiation doses from radiopharmaceuticals to patients were measured and calculated.Meanwhile,radiation exposure from computed tomography （CT） procedure was calculated on the basis of CT protocols and patients＆#39; information.The effective doses to patient from both the radiopharmaceutical and CT scan radiation were calculated and the factors influencing patient radiation doses were analyzed.Results For the patients undergoing positron emission tomography-computed tomography （PET-CT） examination,the average effective doses from positron radiopharmaceutical 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose （18F-FDG）,18F-fluoro-l-thymidine （18 F-FLT）,11C-choline,11 C-methylmethionine （11 C-MET） and 11 C-acetate （11 C-Ac） were （5.06 ± 0.73）,（4.74±1.29）,（1.71 ±0.05）,（3.18±0.69） and （1.08±0.19） mSv,respectively.CTscan caused average effective dose was （8.80 ± 0.58） mSv.If a full diagnostic CT investigation was performed,the effective dose might be up to 27 mSv.Whereas for emission computed tomography （ECT） examinations,the average effective dose to the patients irradiated by single photon radiopharmaceutical 99Tcm-methylenediphosphonate （99Tcm-MDP）,99Tcm-macroaggregated albumin （99Tcm-MAA）,99Tcm-diethylentriaminpentaacetic acid （99 Tcm-DTPA）,99Tcm-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile （99 Tcm-MIBI） and 99Tcm-pyrophosphate （99Tcm-PYP） were （4.63 ± 0.01）,（1.71 ± 0.01）,（1.18 ± 0.01）,（7.19 ± 0.03） and （4.18 ± 0.01） mSv,respectively.Conclusions Radiopharmaceutical irradiation caused effective dose to the patients undergoing nuclear medicine examinations is from 1.08 to 7.19 mSv,while CT scan cause average effective dose is 8.80 mSv in PET-CT examination.