不同辅料及配比对生活污泥堆肥效果的影响

Influence of Different Additives and Their Ratios on Aerobic Composting of Sewage Sludge

采用自然通风、人工翻堆方式将菌菇渣和秸秆等辅料与生活污泥混合进行好氧堆肥,共设置A(污泥∶菌菇渣∶秸秆=1∶0.4∶0.025)、B(污泥∶菌菇渣∶秸秆=1∶0.3∶0.025)、C(污泥∶秸秆=1∶0.12)、D(污泥∶秸秆=1∶0.09)4个处理装置,通过测定堆肥过程中堆体温度、含水率、有机质、p H值、TN、氨氮、硝态氮等指标,考察不同辅料配比对生活污泥堆肥效果的影响。结果表明,4个堆肥处理后的产品腐熟度和重金属含量等指标均符合国家的农用标准,不同辅料及配比对堆肥效果影响明显。堆肥结束时,A、B、C、D堆体的种子发芽率分别为90.8%、87.2%、63.9%、60.4%,氮含量分别降低了15.2%、17.9%、29.2%、27.3%,添加菌菇渣的A、B堆体比仅添加秸秆的C、D堆体的保氮效果要好。

The natural ventilation and manual turning were used to mix sewage sludge with different additives such as mushroom residue and straw for aerobic composting. Four groups of aerobic compos- ting were designed, which are A （ sludge ： mushroom residue ： straw = 1 ： 0.4 ： 0. 025 ） , B （ sludge ： mushroom residue ： straw = 1 ： 0.3 ： 0. 025 ）, C （ sludge ： straw = 1 ： 0.12） and D （ sludge ： straw = 1 ： 0.09 ）. The influence of different additives ratios on composting effect of sewage sludge was investigated by measuring temperature, moisture content, organic matter, pH, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate in the composting process. The results showed that the content of the total heavy metals and maturity of the four composting products could reach the national standard for agricultural use. The influence of different additives and their ratios on composting effect was obvious. At the end of the compos-ting, the seed germination indexes of A, B, C and D piles were 90.8%, 87.2%, 63.9% and 60.4% respectively, and the nitrogen losses of A, B, C and D were 15.2%, 17.9%, 29.2% and 27.3%, re- spectively. So the piles of A and B got better nitrogen conservations than the piles of C and D.