基于矫顽力的钢板应力集中区域检测方法

Detection method for stress concentration area on steel plate based on coercivity

针对铁磁性材料由于应力集中导致裂纹、断裂甚至失效等问题,研究了应力对铁磁性材料磁化强度取向的影响以及铁磁性材料矫顽力与所受应力的关系,提出了通过测量铁磁性材料的矫顽力实现应力检测的方法.采用U型探头进行测量,由U型探头上激励线圈中的电流信号和检测线圈中产生的电压信号描绘出不同外力条件下钢板的磁滞回线,从而得到钢板矫顽力的值.结果表明,外力使钢板内部产生应力,导致矫顽力减小,通过测量铁磁性材料的矫顽力实现对应力集中区域的检测,有效预防了工件由于应力集中造成的断裂等问题.

In order to solve such problems as the cracking, fracture and even failure of ferromagnetic materials due to stress concentration, the effect of stress on the magnetization orientation of ferromagnetic materials and the relationship between the coercivity and applied stress were studied. A method of measuring the coercivity of ferromagnetic materials to realize the stress detection was proposed. The detection was performed with a U-shaped probe, and the hysteresis loop of steel plate under different stress conditions was described so as to obtain the coercivity value by the current signal from the excitation coil of U-shaped probe and the voltage signal from the detection coil. The results show that the external force makes the stress generate inside the steel plate, which leads to a decrease in the coercivity. Through measuring the coercivity of ferromagnetic materials, the detection of stress concentrationg area of ferromagnetic materials is realized, and the workpiece fracture problem caused by stress concentration can be effectively prevented.