教师观察幼儿行为需厘清的几个基本问题

Some Basic Issues for Teachers’ Observing Children’s Behavior

在“观察”逐渐被看作是教师的一项重要专业能力的今天，幼儿园教师如何科学有效地观察幼儿行为成了当前幼儿教育研究与实践中的一个重要课题。研究者发现，当下幼儿园教师在观察幼儿行为的过程中存在观察动机不强、观察方法不当、理论知识匮乏、政策理解不透以及环境支持不够等诸多问题。研究者据此提出，幼儿园教师有必要从观察意义、记录方法、解释依据、评价理念和环境营造五个方面入手，进一步厘清上述几个基本问题，以真正达到科学观察了解幼儿，切实促进幼儿的学习与发展。

Today, ＂observing＂ is regarded as an important professional ability for teachers. How a kindergarten teacher scien- tifically and efficiently observes children＇s behavior becomes a key issue for preschool education research and practice. The author has found that currently there exist some problems like weak motivation, improper way of observing, lack of theoreti- cal knowledge, inappropriate understanding of the policies and insufficient support from the environment. Therefore, the au- thor believes that it is important to start from the following five aspects to improve the present situation： significance for ob- serving, recording methods, evidence for interpretation, assessment theory, and environment designing. Consequently, teach- ers can learn to observe children scientifically and promote children＇s learning and development.