自卫权行使前提的法律问题研究

A Legal Study of the Exercise of the Self-Defense Right

在国际法上自卫权是国家的一项自然权利,是禁止使用武力和以武力相威胁基本原则规定下,一种使用武力的合法例外。《联合国宪章》第51条对自卫权予以规定,并提出行使的前提——"受到武力攻击",但是,《联合国宪章》并未就该行使前提进行进一步明确及解释。因此,有必要对武力攻击的对象、来源、时机、规模以及选择的必要性原则等进行阐述,并对规范应用自卫权提供一些建议。

In international laws, self-defense is a natural right of the state, a legal exception to the basic principle of prohibition of force and threat by force. Article 51 of the UN Charter stipulates the premise of the self-defense right： “under armed attack”. However, UN Charter fails to further clarify or explain the premise. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the necessity principles concerning the object, source, opportunity, scale and the choice of military attack, and provide some suggestions for the application of the self-defense right.