不丹幸福发展模式对西藏乡村旅游地农牧民幸福指数研究的启示

Revelation of Bhutan‘s Happiness Development Model to the Research of Happiness Index of Farmers and Herdsmen in Tibetan Rural Tourism Destination

在新经济学萌生并逐渐发展、与传统经济学开始分庭抗礼的背景下,"不丹模式"可以说是社会经济发展模式在国家层面的创新,不丹的幸福发展模式是基于以人为本的视角,关注人文生态和自然生态,关注社会经济的良性发展。但不丹的幸福发展模式并不是对于经济增长的排斥,而是在全面发展的基础上兼顾经济发展。不丹模式的产生源于该国一定的社会文化政治环境,在传统的经济发展所带来的一系列的负面效应使得不丹模式得以推广。不丹的幸福发展模式对于非工业化的边缘区域的社会发展给予了很大的启示。透过不丹幸福发展模式,思考了西藏乡村旅游目的地农牧民幸福指数问题,对于还处于前工业时代的西藏乡村旅游目的地经济社会的发展思路,探讨农牧民幸福指数对于旅游目的地经济效率的影响。

＂Bhutan model＂can be considered as a creation of social and economic development mode at the national level when new economy is gradually developing. The development mode of Bhutan＇s happiness is based on people-oriented perspective, focusing on humanistic ecology and natural ecology,as well as healthy development of social economy. The development pattern does not con- tradict with economic growth. Bhutan＇s model results from the country with certain social culture and political traits, and this model has given us a lot of enlightenment of social development,which is especially beneficial to non-industrial region. Opinions of rural tourism destination＇s development have been illustrated by studying Bhutan＇s development model in order to explore eco- nomic efficiency of rural tourism destinations.