楚辞的诗体类型与流变

The Poetic Genre of Chu Ci and its Evolvement

辞是一种古老的祝语,以表达美好的愿望,后又用来寄托盛世危言,具有悲歌性质。楚辞是汉代人编集时给出的名称,也同时被当作诗体一种,应是就整体风格而言。屈原的作品原有自己的诗体名称,具体地,一共有诗体11种,出自传统的有九(歌)、颂、诵、辞、章、赋6种,这些诗体三代以来就已经形成。屈原自己创造的诗体有哀、骚、问、游、怀等5种,后代虽有述作,但未能广泛流行。因此,楚辞的诗体有整体的和具体的之分,在文学发展史上成为一个很重要的诗学特征。

As being the blessing words in ancient times ,Ci originally expressed the good wishes ,and then used with elegy properties to warn the dangers of the flourishing ages .Chu Ci was not only a term but also a poetic genre denominated by the compiled people in the Han Dynasty according to its holistic style . Qu Yuan＇s original works entitled his own poetic genre ,specifically ,of a total of 11 ones ,among which 6 were derived from traditions ,namely ,Nine（song） ,Eulogy ,Chant ,Ci ,Chapter ,Fu ,which had been formed since three generations ,and the other 5 were created by Qu Yuan himself ,including Epicedium ,Sao ,In‐quiry ,Travelogue and Nostalgia ,which ,unfortunately ,were not widely popular .However ,just because of these holistic and specific clarifications ,Chu Ci became a very important poetic feature in the history of lit‐erature .