元初大都“文统”儒士集团探微

A commentary on Wentong Confucianists in the early Yuan dynasty

忽必烈统治时期的儒学,除了以许衡为代表的正统儒士集团外,在大都还存在一个"文统"儒士集团。这个"文统"儒士集团承袭金源文化而来,以元好问之弟子为主体,将元好问的"文统"观念奉为圭臬,有着对治道与辞章的双重追求。"文统"儒士集团多栖身于翰林国史院中,他们在大都交游、唱和,显示出许多与正统儒士集团不同的地方。"文统"儒士集团可以接纳来自南方的文学家,但对理学家则颇不以为然。这个"文统"儒士集团的存在,在一定程度上影响着南方学术文化北上的进程。

Besides the orthodox Confucian scholars represented by Xu Heng,there existed a group of Confucian scholars called Wentong Confucianists during the reign of Kublai Khan( 1215 – 1294). Having inherited Jinyuan culture,Wentong Confucianists worked for two things as their goal in life—to undertake the task of governing the nation and to accomplish their intellectual pursuit. They regarded Yuan Haowen's concept of'literature genealogy'as a criterion. Wentong Confucianists were headed by Yuan Haowen's students and worked for the Imperial Academy. They took field trips,had academic exchanges and did many things different from the orthodox Confucian scholars. They could accept the litterateurs from south China,but they thought little of the scholars of Neo- Confucianism. The existence of this group somewhat helped quicken the northwards move of the intellectual culture of south China.