基于社会力模型的电梯交通流模型研究

Social force model of vertical traffic flow

电梯客流量受到周末、上下班以及节假日影响,流量具有周期性、随机性和非线性变化特点。传统预测模型难以准确描述行人个体动态特点,导致电梯客流量预测准确率低。为了准确描述复杂行人个体对电梯客流量的影响,文章基于社会力模型在分析建筑内部候梯大厅行人交通特性的基础上,考虑行人对目标的不同期望程度、不同人群行为等对电梯流的影响,建立了垂直交通行人仿真模型。改进后的模型能真实模拟行人对电梯的选择行为以及行人候梯等行为,进而显著提高电梯流量预测准确率;此外改进后的模型应用于高层建筑候梯人群的行为研究,其结论可为高层建筑客梯配置以及运行模式设计提供一些依据。

In the field of human crowd simulation, the research on the applications and the modification of social force model is still a hot topic. Based on the social force model, a vertical pedestrian traffic simulation model is obtained upon the analysis of pedestrian traffic characteristics in the building waiting hall staircase and discussion of the variation in pedestrian waiting in each stage of force. Simulation results are given to the waiting hall of pedestrian movement after modeling and simulating the pedestrian waiting behavior by using any logic simulation plat form. The model will be better in describing the real actual choice of the elevator and the behavior of pedestrians at the waiting ladders, thereby significantly improve the elevator traffic prediction accuracy. The improved model is applied for research on crowd behavior of high-rise building transports, and its conclusions can provide some basis for the design of public passages.