脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关危险因素分析

Correlation of carotid atherosclerosis in cerebral infarction patients

目的探讨脑梗死患者的颈动脉粥样硬化发生情况及其主要危险因素。方法对170例脑梗死患者应用彩超进行颈动脉检查，观察动脉粥样硬化的发生情况和记录相关危险因素的资料，同时实验室检测血脂、血糖、纤维蛋白原水平。结果脑梗死患者有颈动脉粥样硬化斑块者131例（77．1％），颈动脉狭窄11例（6．5％）。经Logistic回归分析发现，年龄（OR 1．352，95％CI：1．087～1．569）、吸烟（OR1．854，95％CI：1．362～2．258）及糖尿病（OR2．774，95％CI：1．612～5．956）可能是导致斑块发生的独立危险因素。颈动脉有斑块组其总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、血糖及纤维蛋白原水平较无斑块组显著增高（P〈0.01）。结论年龄、吸烟和糖尿病是发生脑梗死颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的独立危险因素，应对存在多种危险因素的患者进行积极干预。

Objective To evaluate the relationship among carotid atherosclerosis-cerebral infarction and its risk factors. Methods Color uhtasonography was used in 170 cases of cerebral infarction for the observation of atherosclerosis. Blood lipid,blood glucose and fibrinogen were detected. Results 131 cases （77.1%）were found to form carotid plaques and carotid stenosis was found in 11 cases （6.5%）. With carotid artery plaque as dependent variables, gender, age, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia as independent variables, using Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR 1.352,95% CI： 1.087-1.569）, smoking （OR 1.854, 95% CI： 1.362-2.258）, diabetes （OR 2.774,95% CI： 1.612-5.956） were independent risk factors may have contributed to the occurrence of plaque. Carotid artery plaque total cholesterol, LDL, glucose, fibrinogen levels were significantly higher than those without plaque group （P〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Closely related to carotid atherosclerotic plaques and cerebral infarction, age, smoking and diabetes occurs carotid atherosclerotic plaque is an independent risk factor.