接头角板对客车车身空间三杆结构刚度强度的影响

EFFECTS OF ADDING BRACKET JOINT ON RIGIDITY AND STRENGTH OF SPATIAL 3-ROD STRUCTURE OF BUS BODY

空间三杆结构是客车车身骨架的基本结构之一,采用有限元计算和试验分析,探讨角板拓扑位置对空间三杆结构刚度和强度的影响。结果表明:1平行于弯曲载荷方向的角板可明显提高空间三杆结构弯曲工况的刚度和强度;2在受载杆与支杆间接头上侧加角板可明显提高空间三杆结构扭转工况的刚度和强度;3在受载杆与主杆间接头外侧和受载杆与支杆间接头上侧各加一块角板(即第(10)种角板位置)对提高空间三杆结构刚度和强度及改善其高应力分布的效果最佳。除客车车身接头结构设计外,对农业机械结构及其它工程结构设计等也有一定的参考意义。

Spatial 3-rod structure is one of the bus basic structures. Effects of the topological locations of angle brackets on the rigidity and strength of spatial 3-rod structure of bus body were discussed. The calculation by finite element calculation and experimental analysis showed that： ①The structural rigidity and strength under bending loads were enhanced remarkably when the plane of angle bracket was parallel to the bending loads direction. ②The structural rigidity and strength under torsion loads were enhanced remarkably when angle bracket was added at the top side of the joint between the load-carrying rod and side rod. ③The most effective way to enhance the structural rigidity and strength and improve its high stress distribution was adding one angle bracket at the top side of the joint between the load-carrying rod and side rod and another angle bracket at the lateral side of the joint between the load-carrying rod and master rod（ the tenth angle bracket location）. This paper provided a valuable reference to the design of agricultural machinery and engineering structures, besides the bus body joints design.