峨眉黄连根茎生物量积累及生物碱类成分的动态变化研究

Research on the dynamic change of biomass and the alkaloid contents of Coptis chinensis Franch in Emei

目的探索四川峨眉地区黄连根茎生物量及生物碱类成分的动态变化规律,确定最佳采收期,为黄连药材GAP规范化种植和质量控制提供理论依据。方法以峨眉黄连GAP基地为观测对象定点采样,采用称重法测定黄连根茎生物量,采用PR-HPLC法对基地不同生长年限、不同采收季节黄连根茎中各生物碱的含量进行测定。结果随着黄连生长年限的增加,根茎干重在不断增加,2~3年是根茎重量大幅度提高期。在一年中根茎干重和生物碱含量随季节和生育期的不同有较大起伏,3~4月花期结实期根茎折干率最低,生物碱含量也降低,10~12月根茎坚实、折干率高,生物碱含量也相对较高。结论四川峨眉地区黄连在移栽后4~5年的10月~12月间采收较为合适,为黄连药材GAP规范化种植提供了理论依据。

Objective To study the dynamic change of biomass and the alkaloid contents of Coptis chinensis Franch and to provide basic research data for GAP. Methods The weighing method and RP - HPLC was applied to determined the dry matter and compare the contents of alkaloids in different harvest time, plant ages and parts of C. chinensis Franch from Emei GAP base. Results - With the increasing of growth years, the rhizoma biomass of C. chinensis Franch. was increased continuously. When the plants grow 2 ~ 3 years old, the biomass had greatly increased. Every year,they changed according to the seasons and growth periods;minimum in March to April as well as the flower periods, maximum in October to December. Conclusion Based on the results, C. chinensis Franch. can be harvested from October to December after being cultivated for four years in Emei. The method was proved to be practical for the quality control of samples from GAP base of C. chinensis Franch.