河北南部地区雾霾天气气象特征分析

Analysis of Meteorological Characteristics during Haze Weather over the Southern Hebei Area

利用1981-2013年河北南部地区各气象站点的地面观测资料,对河北南部地区雾霾天气的时空分布规律、雾霾天气的气象要素特征、长持续雾霾天气过程发生的气象条件进行统计分析。结果表明,33年来河北南部地区雾霾日数呈增加趋势,速率为0.4天/年;年重雾霾日数略呈减少趋势,速率为-0.02天/年;年最长持续雾霾日数呈显著增加趋势,趋势系数为1.3天/年。长持续过程的持续天数与平均风速减小、平均相对湿度的增加和前期降水量的增多幅度均呈一定的正相关,尤其与平均风速减小关系密切。

By using observational data of meteorological variables from 1981 to 2013 in southern Hebei area,the spatial and temporal distributions,the meteorological variables,and the meteorological conditions of the long continuous haze episode were investigated during haze periods in southern Hebei area. The results showed that the number of haze day increased obviously in the 33 years,which rate was 0. 4 day per year; the number of the heaviest haze day decreased slightly,which rate was- 0. 02 day per year; the number of the longest continuous haze day increased obviously,the rate was 1. 3 day per year. It was a positive correlation between the number of the long continuous haze episode and the decreased average wind speed,the increased average relative humidity,the increased antecedent precipitation,especially with the close relationship between the decreased average wind speed.