风力发电机叶片临界防冰与融冰功率密度分析

Analysis of Threshold Power Density for Anti-icing and De-icing of Wind Turbine Blade

根据风力发电机叶片防冰和融冰的物理过程,分析其加热融冰的基本条件,通过对防冰与融冰的热平衡过程分析,建立防冰和融冰在临界情况下热力学的物理数学模型,提出临界功率密度概念,并在人工气候实验室对模型进行试验验证,试验结果和计算结果吻合较好。研究结果表明:在进行电加热防冰和融冰时,其加热功率密度必须大于临界功率密度;临界防冰功率密度是环境温度和风速的函数,临界融冰功率密度是环境温度、风速、冰层厚度和单位时间覆冰量的函数;临界防冰功率密度随着风速增加而变大,随着外界温度的增加而变小;临界融冰功率密度随着风速和覆冰量的增加而变大,随着冰层厚度和外界温度的增加而变小。

According to the anti-icing and de-icing process for ice-covered wind turbine blade with heating method, in the paper, the basic conditions of anti-icing and de-icing by heating were analyzed. Then based on heat balance analysis of the anti-icing and de-icing process, a physical and mathematical model indicating the anti-icing and de-icing power density was established, threshold power density was put forward, the model and methods were tested by the experiment in an artificial climate chamber, and the results were basically consistent with each other. The results show that the de-icing power density should be greater than the threshold power density, and should be selected according to ice-layer thickness, environmental temperature and wind speed. The threshold anti-icing power density increases as temperature increases or wind speed decreases, the threshold de-icing power density increases as wind speed and ice cover amount decrease ,or ice thickness and environmental temperature increase.