马克思价值形式论的新解读——以中日学者的研究成果为视角

Sino-Japanese Comparative Research on Marx's Form of Value Theory

价值形式论是《资本论》第一章第三节的内容。纵观中日马克思主义学者的研究,对价值形式论出现了三种不同类型的解读,即我国学者的物物交换式的价值形式论、日本正统派学者的价值实体式的价值形式论和日本宇野派学者的流通形态式的价值形式论。"20码麻布=1件上衣"表示的并不是麻布和上衣的物物交换关系,而是麻布所有者单方面提出的交换愿望。如果以抽象的人类劳动为媒介来解读价值形式论,势必会使处于相对价值形式上的麻布和处于等价形式上的上衣的不同作用被淡化,价值形式由低级向高级演进的理由也会变得不够充分。宇野学派在价值形式论研究上取得的成就应该得到肯定。

The formula of ＂20 yards of linen=l coat＂ does not represent the bartering relationship between linen and coat, but shows the unilateral exchanging desire of owners of linen. If interpreted by the medium of abstract human labor, it will inevitably play down the different functions of the linen in the relative form of value and the coat in the equal form of value, which will lead to the inadequate reason of evolution of form of value from low class to high class.