新疆紫草及其毛状根中萘醌类化合物的研究

Study on Naphthoquinone Derivatives of Arnebia euchroma(Royle) Johnst and Its Hairy Roots

目的 运用高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱液质联用技术（HPLC-ESI-MS/MS）鉴别新疆紫草中的萘醌类化合物,比较分析了9个样品中（新疆紫草原植物根及毛状根）萘醌类成分种类和含量的差异。方法 采用BDS C18色谱柱,以0.1%甲酸（A）-甲醇（B）梯度洗脱,使用ESI离子源,流速1.0 m L·min-1,质量扫描范围（m/z）150∽400,负离子模式下采集数据。结果 新疆紫草中含有紫草素、β-羟基异戊酰紫草素、乙酰紫草素、去氧紫草素、异丁酰紫草素、β,β-二甲基丙烯酰紫草素、异戊酰紫草素或α-甲基-正丁酰紫草素7种萘醌类化合物;但其毛状根中不含紫草素成分,其他成分与新疆紫草相同。紫草素及其衍生物的种类及含量因不同区域、不同毛状根而有所差异。此外,硝酸银（Ag NO3）及营养成分能够增加毛状根中紫草素及其衍生物的种类且影响各成分的含量。结论 萘醌类化合物的种类及含量受环境及培养条件的影响而变化。该方法可为新疆紫草及其毛状根的药效物质基础研究及其开发利用提供科学依据。

Objective To identify the naphthoquinone derivatives and to compare the differences of the types and contents of naphthoquinones in the 9 samples of Arnebia euchroma and its hairy roots by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS.Methods The chromatographic separation was performed on BDS Ci8 column with a gradient elution of 0.1% formic acid （A）-methanol （B）. The flow rate of mobile phase was 1.0 mL·min-1. The mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization （ESI） source was used as the detector and was operated in the negative ion mode with mass scanning rang （m/z） of 150-400. Results Seven kinds of naphthaquinones were identified as shikonin, β- hydroxyisovalerylshikonin, acetylshikonin, deoxyshikonin, isobutyrylshikonin, β, β- dimethylacrylshikonin, isovalerylshikonin, and ct-methyl-n-butyrylshikonin in the A rnebia euchroma. With shikonin absent, the hairy roots had all the other components as those of Arnebia euchroma Johnst roots. The types and contents of naphthoquinone derivatives varied in Arnebia euchroma from different regions and in different hairy roots. In addition, AgNO3 and nutrient components could increase the types of naphthoquinone derivatives and had an influence on the content of each component in hairy roots. Conclusion The types and contents of naphthoquinones are influenced by environment and cultivation conditions. The established method will provide the theoretical basis for the pharmaeodynamic research, and for the development and utilization of A rnebia euchroma Johnst and its hairy roots.