基于静力测试的三维曲面结构测点优化配置

Research on Optimal Sensor Location for Three-Dimensional Curved Surface Structure Based on Static Stress Test

传感器测点优化配置在结构健康监测系统中具有重要作用。针对结构健康监测中静力作用下三维曲面结构变形状况进行了研究,提出了三维曲面结构的测点优化配置方法。首先,对三维曲面结构进行测点组合选取,根据已知测点的响应值采用三维超曲面样条函数插值估计未布置测点的响应值,然后建立适应度函数,对未布置测点的估计值与实际值的误差进行判定,最后通过二重结构编码遗传算法对测点组合进行优化,选取适应度函数值最小的测点配置方案,从而实现了传感器测点优化配置的目的。应用该方法对简支的圆柱壳弯曲变形进行了测点优化配置,得到的适应度函数值最小的测点配置方案中,未布置测点的估计值与实际值的误差为1.10%,从而验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。

Optimal sensor location plays an important role in the structural health monitoring system. The paper provides an optimal sensor location methodology for three-dimensional curved surface structure. The proposed method is based on the deformation of the structure under the action of static stress in structural health monitoring system. Firstly,the combination of the measured points on the three-dimensional curved surface structure is selected so that the response at unmeasured locations can be predicted by the information from these measured points using three-dimensional surface splines interpolation. Secondly,fitness functions are adopted to estimate the error between the predicted response and the practical response of these unmeasured locations. Lastly,selecting optimal combination of measuring points is achieved by minimizing the error of the estimate and the actual value at unmeasured to realize the optimal goal locating the measured points. To validate the proposed method,we apply this method to the bending deformation of simply supported cylindrical shell to optimize the arrangement of measured points,and according to the project of the optimal sensor location,the error between the predicted response and the practical response of these unmeasured locations is 1.10%. Then the results prove that the proposed method is feasible and efficient.