石河子地区1517例胆囊结石发病和临床特征分析

Analysis of morbidity and clinical characteristics of 1517 cases with gall-stones in Shihezi

目的了解石河子地区胆囊结石的发病和临床特征。方法收集2011年1月-2013年12月在石河子大学第一附属医院、石河子市人民医院经手术确诊胆囊结石并在本地居住5年以上的住院患者共1517例的临床资料,按年龄、性别、民族、职业、居住地分组进行回顾性分析。结果胆囊结石住院数逐年增多,2011-2013年占肝胆外科总住院数比依次为49.29%、51.36%、52.42%;女性（62.7%）多于男性（37.3%）,男性和女性患病率比为1∶1.69;40岁及以上患者比例明显增加,高峰年龄为60-〈70岁（24.3%）;〈60岁与≥60岁者患病率比为1∶4.09;少数民族仅占9.6%,与汉族患病率比为1.64∶1;职业构成中工人占41.4%,农民占39.7%,职员占8.3%,其他占10.6%;城市居住者占55.8%,非城市居住者占44.2%。结论胆囊结石是石河子地区肝胆外科主要的疾病,患病率逐年增加;女性、老年人、少数民族患病率较高,以工人和农民为主体,城市与非城市来源差别不大。

Objective To investigate the morbidity and clinical characteristics of gallstone （GS） patients in Shihezi. Methods The clinical datum of 1517 hospitalized GS patients, who were diagnosed by surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University and the Shihezi People＇s Hospital and lived in the local area more than 5 years, were collected from January 2011 to December 2013. The clinical parameters about age, gender, nationality, occupation and residence of GS patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results The number of GS patients increased year by year. The proportions of hospitalizations of GS patients in Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery from 2011 to 2013 was 49.29%, 51.36% and 52.42% respectively. Female cases （62.7%） were more than men＇s （37.3%）, the ratio of prevalence of male to female was 1：1.69. The proportion of GS patients whose age over 40 increased significantly, and the peak age of GS patients was 60 to 〈70 years old （24.3%）. The ratio of prevalence of patients who were 〈 60 years old to ≥60 years old was 1：4.09. The proportion of minority cases was 9.6%, but the ratio of prevalence of the minority to Han was 1.64：1. Workers, farmers, staffs and other occupations accounted for 41.4%, 39.7%, 8.3% and 10.6% in occupational structure of the GS patients. The proportion of GS patients who dwelt in urban was 55.8%, and it was 44.2% who dwelt in non- urban. Conclusion Gallstone is the majority malady in Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in Shihezi, and increased year by year. Female, the elderly, minority have high prevalence, works and farmers are the main sufferers of this disease. The number of GS patients who from urban or non-urban are no significant difference.