基于喷雾动量的喷油器各孔喷射特性试验研究

Experimental Study on Injection Characteristics of Each Hole of Injector Based on Spray Momentum

基于喷雾动量搭建了喷油器各孔有效流通截面积与喷油规律测试系统,在验证其准确性的基础上,研究了各孔有效流通截面积、喷油规律与喷射均匀性随着油泵转速、循环油量的变化。研究结果表明:在同一工况下,有效流通截面积、喷油规律各孔变化趋势一致,循环喷油量分布不均匀,第五孔明显小于其他四孔,最大差异达到24%;随着油泵转速的升高,有效流通截面积波动趋于平稳,循环喷油量及喷油持续期均增大,单位凸轮转角喷油速率降低,各孔喷油量不均匀度变小;随着循环喷油量的增加,喷油速率及持续期均变大,各孔喷油量不均匀度变小。

Based on spray momentum, a measurement system for the effective flow area and injection rate shape of each hole of an injector was established. The accuracy of this system was verified by test. The changes of the effective flow area, injection rate shape and evenness of fuel quantity of each hole of the injector with pump speed and fuel quantity were measured and analyzed. The results show that the variation trends of the effective flow area and injection rate shape of each hole are the same under the same condition. The circle fuel injection quantity of each hole is not uniform. The injection quantity of No. 5 hole is apparently lower than those of the others and the maximum difference is 24~. With the increase of pump speed, the fluctuation of effective flow area of each hole tends to be stable, the fuel injection quantity per cycle increases, the fuel injection duration prolongs, the fuel injection rate per cam angle decreases and the injection evenness increases. With the increase of the quantity of fuel injection per cycle, the fuel injection duration of each hole prolongs, the fuel injection rate increases, and the injection evenness increases.