粳稻单株产量及其构成因素的关联分析

Association Analysis of Grain Yield Per Plant and Its Components in Japonica Rice

水稻的单株产量由有效穗数、每穗总粒数、结实率和千粒重等因素构成。为了剖析粳稻产量及其构成因素的遗传基础、明确单株产量的改良重点,本研究以226个黑龙江省粳稻品种构成的自然群体为试验材料,调查了2013和2014年各品种的单株产量及其构成因素等性状,并结合153个SSR标记的基因型鉴定结果进行单株产量及其构成因素的关联分析。结果表明,两年共检测到30个与单株产量及其构成因素显著关联的标记,能够解释的表型变异率为2.36%~12.38%;有14个标记在两年中均被检测到,其中RM481、RM1220和RM23083同时稳定控制2个性状。相关分析和关联分析结果表明单株有效穗数的变异对黑龙江省单株产量影响最大。本研究为黑龙江省改良粳稻单株产量提供了理论基础。

Rice grain yield per plant was composed of effective panicles （ a）, grain number per panicle （ b）, spikelet fertility （c） and 1000 - garin weight （d）. In order to dissect genetic basis of japonica rice yield and its composition factors and uncover the key point of its improvement, a natural population consisting of 226 japonica rice varieties in Heilongjiang was used as materials in this study. Phenotypic traits associated with plant yield and its components of this population were investigated in 2013 and 2014, combining with the genotype of 153 screened polymorphic SSR markers to make association analysis for plant yield and its components. The result showed that a total of 30 markers significantly associated with yield and its components were detected, which could explain 2.36% 12. 38% of phenotypie variation. Moreover, 14 markers were detected in two years. Among them, three markers （ RM481, RM1220 and RM23083 ） were identified be associated with two traits. Correlation analysis and association analysis showed variation of panicles per plant had the greatest influence on plant yield in Heilongjiang. This study provided theoretical basis for improving japonica rice yield per plant.