山西省审定玉米品种亲本自交系的遗传多样性及杂优类群分析

Genetic Diversity and Heterotic Groups of Parental Inbred Lines of Released Maize Hybrids in Shanxi Province

利用SSR技术分析了山西省审定玉米品种亲本自交系的遗传多样性及杂优类群。40对引物在83个自交系中共检测出232个等位基因，每个SSR位点的等位基因数为3～12个，平均为5．8个；平均多态信息量0．69，变幅为0．43—0．88。共检测出67个稀有等住基因和21个特有等位基因。SSR聚类分析可将自交系划分为6个类群，确定山西省玉米审定品种的杂优模式有15种。研究表明，山西省玉米审定品种双亲自交系的遗传多样性丰富，很多自交系具有独特基因，它们可能具有一定的特异性。对自交系杂优类群的划分解决了当前育种中出现的自交系血缘不清问题，对山西省主要玉米品种杂优利用模式的分析可为山西省乃至全国的玉米育种提供科学依据。

The genetic diversity and heterotic groups of parenta linbred lines of released maize hybrids in Shanxi province were studied based on SSR markers. Total 232 alleles in 83 inbreed lines were detected with an average of 5.8 ,ranged from 3 to 12 per locus. Average PIC was 0.69 ranged from 0.43 to 0.88. Also 67 rare alleles and 21 unique alleles were identified. The 83 lines were clustered into 6 groups. There were 15 kinds of heterotic patterns among the approved hybrids in Shanxi. The results suggested that the genetic diversity of inbreed lines was very high and they contained many unique alleles, which meant they have some special characterization. The cluster of heterotic groups made these inbreed line＇ s pedigree clear. The analysis of heterotic patterns provides a scientific basis for maize breeding.