不同氮肥运筹对薏苡生长及产量形成的影响

Effects of N Fertilizer Rate on Growth and Yield Formation of Job's Tears

为探讨薏苡高产栽培技术，以“兴仁白壳”薏苡为试验材料，采用随机区组试验设计，设置5种施氮（纯氮）水平，研究了不同施氮量对薏苡生长及产量形成的影响。结果表明：施氮使薏苡的抽穗、开花和成熟期延迟，株高、茎粗均有所增加，但是过量施氮肥不利于植株健壮；N0～N4处理的单位面积穗数、穗粒数、千粒重和折合单产的变异范围分别为2．7～3．8万个／667m^2、100．5～126．8粒、78．98～100．31g、168．60-332．76kg／667m^2，N2处理的千粒重和折合单产最高，与N0相比均达到差异显著或极显著水平。研究表明当施氮量为15kg／667m^2（N2）时，有利于薏苡千粒重、群体产量和结实率的增加，过高或过低均不利于薏苡增产。

In order to explore the high yielding cultivation for Job＇ tears, taking ＂Xingrenbaike＂ as test materials, 5 nitrogen fertilizer rate was applied on effect nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of Job＇s tears with randomzied blocks design. The results were revealed that earing age, flowering age and earing stage were coming later, combining with higher and thicker plants, but excess N application had disadvantages to its toughness. Spike number per area, grain number, 1000 grain weight and population yield ranged from 2.7-3.8 ×10^4/667m^2 , 100.5-126.8 grain , 78.98-100.31 g, 168.60-332.76 kg/667m^2. Compared with No treatment, N2 section, there were significant difference at p= 0.05 or p= 0.01 levels in 1000 grain weight and population yield, which possessing a maximum 1000 grain weight and population yield. It＇s indicated that there were highest motivating effects in 1000 grain weight, population yield and ripening rate at a level of 16 kg/667 m^2 N application, while appearing a relatively lower output at a less or excess N rate.