美国高等教育制度伦理的历史演进逻辑及其启示

Historical Evolution Logic and Implications of Ethics of American Higher Education System

美国高等教育制度的历史演进伴随着多元伦理价值的博弈:从殖民地时期高等教育制度民主的凸显到建国时期高等教育制度自由的凸显;从工业化转型时期高等教育制度理性的凸显到大众化扩张时期高等教育制度公正的凸显;最后是高等教育巩固时期效率的凸显。美国高等教育制度伦理的历史演进逻辑是多元价值之间互补与协调、非均衡与均衡的博弈,最终实现多元价值的均衡。我国高等教育制度伦理要学习美国特色,加强制度建设,促进多元价值系统的均衡,同时结合本国历史文化传统,保持个性优长。

The historical evolution of American higher education system is a game with multiple ethical values—from the highlight of democracy of higher education in the colonial period to the highlight of freedom of higher education system in the founding period;from the rational highlight of higher education system in the industrial transformation period to the highlight of j ustice of higher education system in the popularization expansion period and finally to the highlight of efficiency of higher education system in the consolidation period.The historical evolution logic of American higher education system ethics is a game of multiple values between harmony and complementarity and between non-equilibrium and equilibrium,whose ultimate goal is to realize the equilibrium of the multiple values.In terms of China’s higher education system ethics,it is recommended that China should benefit from the American characteristics,strengthen its institutional construction,promote the balance of the multi-value system,and also maintain its own strengths with its historical and cultural traditions.