重庆开县跳端公舞蹈形态研究

The Study on the Forms of Duangong Dance in Kaixian County of Chongqing

跳端公是巫傩祭礼的一种代表形式,在我国的西南以及中原地区都有跳端公的活动。重庆开县地属三峡库区,源远流长的长江水孕育了别具审美趣味的开县跳端公。开县跳端公在形式和内容上可归为两个方面:一是祭祀仪式形态;二是戏剧演说形态。笔者通过深入调研,在了解开县跳端公有着独特的手诀、舞步和舞仪形式,对传承人进行走访之后,梳理出跳端公的演进历史、舞蹈语言和风格特点。开县跳端公的戏剧演说形态(舞仪形态)对现如今濒临失传的活态文化遗产整理保护具有重要意义。

Duangong Dance is a representative form of Wunuo Ritual, which is carried out in Southwest China and Central China. Kaixian County of Chongqing is located in Three Gorges Reservoir Region. Duangong Dance of Kaixian County with a special aesthetic taste was generated along the long-standing Yangtze River. Duangong Dance of Kaixian County can be classified into two types according to its forms and contents： a form of sacrificial ceremony; and a form of drama speech. After deep investigation and survey, the paper finds that Duangong Dance of Kaixian County is unique in hand method, dance steps and dance deportment form ; with further combination of interviews of inheritors, the paper deeply arranges characteristics of evolution history, dance appearance, dance deportment and style of Duangong Dance. It also systematically discusses the drama speech form （ dance deportment form） of Duangong Dance of Kaixian County and makes certain contribution to a living heritage which is on the verge of failing to be handed down at present.