多米尼克·列文与俄罗斯研究中的帝国视角

Dominic Lieven and the Perspective of Imperialism in Study of Russia

"帝国"是研究俄罗斯的经典视角,而多米尼克·列文的研究则是研究领域对于帝国视角最为清晰的阐述。他通过对俄罗斯以及其他传统帝国历史的研究和比较,建立了别具一格的帝国理论,并据此成功预言了苏联的命运。他将俄罗斯从罗曼诺夫王朝以来的历史视为一个不可分割的整体,苏联的建立和瓦解都是俄罗斯在面对现代帝国的困境时所做出的选择和必然的结果。作为欧洲边缘"第二世界"的代表,俄罗斯始终在学习欧洲和对抗欧洲的历史循环中反复纠缠,告别帝国历史是俄罗斯最好的选择。列文试图建立一种具有普遍意义的帝国理论,尽管这个目标尚未完成,但仍然具有重要的研究和学习意义。

＂Imperialism＂ is a classic perspective in the study of Russia, while the study of Dominic Lieven is the clearest elaboration to the perspective of imperialism in the field of research. He established the unique imperialism theory through comparison of history of Russia and those of other traditional empires, and therefore successfully predicted the destiny of the Soviet Union. He considered the history of Russia from Romanov dynasty as an indivisible entirety and thought that the establishment and collapse of the Soviet Union were both the selection made in face of the plight of modern imperialism and the inevitable result of the selection. As the representative of ＂the second world＂ at the margin of Europe, Russia is always in a tangle in the historical recurrence of learning Europe and combating Europe, so it is the best choice for Russia to say goodbye to the history of imperialism. Lieven tries to establish an imperialism theory in universal meaning. Although this objective has not been achieved, it still has the important significance for research and learning.