通治方、专方及主方内涵探析

Connotations of Tongzhi Prescription,Specific Prescription,and Main Prescription

通治方、专方及主方是中医学的常用术语,但目前学界对其界定不清。根据历代医籍中有关通治方、专方、主方的内容记载,结合现代各种认识,认为通治方是一方可用于多种疾病的治方,专方是专门针对某一疾病的治方,主方是针对某病的主证(基础或主导病机)的治方。厘清通治方、专方、主方的概念内涵,对于认识中医辨证(病)论治及方药运用规律具有重要意义。

Tongzhi prescription, specific prescription, and main prescription are very important terms in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, but so far, there are no clear definitions for these terms. According to the contents of Tongzhi prescription, specific prescription, and main prescription recorded in medical works, as well as the contemporary understanding of these terms, Tongzhi prescription is considered as a prescription which can treat various diseases, specific prescription is applied for a certain disease in particular, and main prescription is used to treat the main symptom of a disease （basic or leading pathogenesis）. To clarify the concepts and connotations of Tongzhi prescription, specific prescription, and main prescription is of great importance in understanding syndrome differentiation and treatment and application rules of prescriptions and herbs in TCM.