上海市初中生生殖健康干预活动效果评价

Effect evaluation of reproductive health program with IEC method among junior middle school students in Shanghai

[目的]评价信息、教育和交流(IEC)策略在初中生生殖健康干预中的应用效果,为在初中生中开展有效的学校生殖健康教育活动提供依据。[方法]随机抽取上海市8所中学16个班级的初三学生,采用IEC进行为期3个月的生殖健康干预,形式包括发放干预材料,开展手抄报比赛、辩论会、知识竞赛、情景剧等活动。干预组和对照组同步进行2次问卷调查,通过干预前后2次问卷调查评价干预效果。[结果]干预后干预组的总知识得分由42.3分提高到61.3分,显著高于对照组(P<0.01);干预组的婚前性行为态度变得更加保守,由干预前的66.7分提高到73.9分(P<0.01);干预组婚前性行为意向和安全性行为意向分别由干预前的77.7、68.7分提高到89.9、87.3分(P值均<0.01)。对照组则无相应的变化。约4/5的学生对干预活动的内容、形式、时间安排满意,并认为通过参加活动能提高自己的生殖健康知识技能水平。[结论]以学校为基础的IEC干预能改变部分学生的婚前性行为意向,并使部分学生趋于选择安全性行为,干预的短期效果显著。但是否对学生存在长期影响,有待进一步研究。

[ Objective ] To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a reproductive health program with information, education and communication （IEC） method among junior middle school students. [ Methods] Investigation was performed by the stratified cluster sampling method. Self-report questionnaires were given to junior middle school students who were randomly included from 16 classes of 8 middle schools in Shanghai. A 3-month intervention with IEC method was conducted, which included activities as issuing intervention material, hand-copylng paper competition, debating discussion, knowledge contest, scene plays and so on. Participant teachers had been trained for organization of these activities. After that, a second investigation by questionnaire was made both in intervention and control groups and then effect evaluation was done on the basis of the results of the two investigations before and after intervention. [ Results ] Compared with control group, knowledge scores of intervention group were improved significantly after the intervention. The general knowledge scores were increased from 42.3 to 61.3 （P 〈0.01）, which was apparently higher than that in control group. At posttest, the intervention group students＇ premarital sex attitude was more conservative compared with the control group, with the scores being increased from 66.7 to 73.9 （ P 〈0.01 ）. The intervention group students＇ scores of having premarital sex and safe sex intention were increased from 77.7, 68.7 to 89.9, 87.3 （ P all 〈 0.01 ）. There were about four fifths students who expressed that they were satisfied with the intervention content, format, time schedule, and benefited from it. [ Conclusion ] The school-based IEC method can change the premarital sexual behavior intention in some students and some others tend to have safe sex. Short-term effect of intervention is apparent, but the long-term impact of the intervention on the students still needs to be further investigated and confirmed.