使协商民主运转起来:技术如何可能——对“开放空间会议技术”及其实践的理解

To Run Deliberative Democracy:How could Possibility by Technology“Open Space Technology”and its Practice Understanding

协商民主是当前政府、学界和社会广泛关注的热点问题。当前学界总体上侧重于西方协商民主理论的译述和中国政治协商会议等高层制度化协商的探究,缺乏对协商过程具体技术运用的关注。在实践层面,原本鲜活热闹的基层协商由于缺乏必要的技术支撑而面临有热情而思路不清、有目标而路径不明、有想法而办法不多的窘境。本文引入"Open Space Technology"(开放空间会议技术)这一现代治理技术,全面分析该技术的基本流程和要素原则,并在北京市东城区菊儿胡同社区个案与浙江温岭市民主恳谈会、广东南塘试验的比较中,发掘其在促进公民的参与度、确保参与的平等性、实现需求的可诉性以及协商共识的可达性等方面具有的独特优势,从而思考和讨论当下现代治理技术推动中国基层协商民主发展的实践贡献和价值定位,以及未来发展的远景预期。

Deliberative democracy is currently a hot topic of the government, academia and public concern. Overall, the current academic focus on paraphrasing western deliberative democracy theory and inquiring Chinese senior institutionalized deliberation such as Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. There is not enough concern on specific technical application about consultation process. On practical level, due to lack of the necessary technical support the original fresh and busy grassroots consultation faced with several dilemmas, such as there is enthusiasm but with unclear thinking, there are goals but without clear technical path, there is ideas but without enough ways. This paper introduces Open Space Technology(or Open Meeting Technology) as the modern governance technology, comprehensively analyzes the basic process, principles and elements of this technology. And then base on comparison among community case of Juer Hutong in Dongcheng District of Beijing,, frank democratic consultation in Wenling Zhejiang Province, Nantang Trial of Guangdong Province, it explores this technology's special advantages of promoting participation of citizens, ensuring equal participation and realizing justifiability of requirements and accessibility of deliberative consensus, accordingly considering and discussing practical contribution and value orientation of modern governance technology in promoting the development of Chinese grassroots deliberative democracy as well as its expected future.