菇渣、草炭、蛭石混合基质化处理产物对番茄苗期发育特性的影响

Influences of Mushroom Residue,Peat and Vermiculite Matrix Product on the Growth Characteristics of Tomato Seedlings

为研究菇渣、草炭和蛭石混合基质化处理产物对番茄苗期发育特性的影响,将菇渣经基质化处理后,与草炭、蛭石原料复配进行番茄基质育苗试验,菇渣基质化处理产物的添加比例分别为0,33%,50%,67%,于播种后25,45,65 d对番茄幼苗成活率及发育指标进行检测。统计分析表明,复配基质处理T1、T2和T5番茄幼苗的成活率均为100%,高于CK 3.3%,处理T3和T4的番茄幼苗成活率分别低于CK 23.4%和33.4%。对45 d番茄幼苗株高、茎粗和根系的发育指标进行比较,T3和T4各项指标均显著低于CK,也显著低于T1、T2和T5。但随着番茄幼苗发育至65 d,T3、T4根长指标显著高于CK,株高和茎粗指标与CK基本无显著差异,T1、T2和T5茎粗和根长指标与CK相比无显著差异,株高指标高于CK。研究表明,T1处理(菇渣∶草炭∶蛭石=1∶1∶1)培育幼苗的各项发育指标优于其他处理的幼苗,随着复配基质中菇渣基质化处理产物的添加比例增高,对番茄幼苗发育初期根系的发育可能产生一定的抑制作用,从而影响幼苗地上部生物量的积累。在番茄幼苗发育后期,增加菇渣基质化处理产物的添加比例可以显著促进番茄幼苗根系的发育,提高幼苗地上部生物量的累积。

The study focused on the influences of mushroom residue,peat and vermiculite matrix product on the growth characteristics of tomato seedlings.After matrix treatment,mushroom residue was mixed with turf and vermic-ulite for tomato seedling culture.The compound matrix mushroom residue treatment products were added with differ-ent proportions：0,33%,50% and 67% respectively,and the survival rate and growth characteristics of the tomato seedling were tested 25,45,65 days after sowing.Statistical analysis showed that the survival rate of tomato seedling with compound matrix T1 ,T2 and T5 reached 1 00%,3.3% higher than CK,the survival rate of tomato seedling with T4 and T5 were lower than CK 23.4% and 33.4% respectively.After comparison of 45 d tomato seedling height,stem diameter and root development indicators,those of T3 and T4 were significantly lower than those of CK, T1 ,T2 and T5.However,with the growth of the tomato seedling,at 65 d root lengths of T3 and T4 were significantly higher than those of CK,seedling height and stem diameter had no significant difference with those of CK,and the stem diameter and root lengths of T1 ,T2 and T5 showed no significant difference with CK,and the seeding height were higher than those of CK.The study indicated that the growth index of treatment T1 （mushroom residue∶peat∶vermiculite =1 ∶1 ∶1 ）was higher than other treatments,and a relative high additive proportion of mushroom residue may inhibit the initial growth of tomato seedlings to some extent,which may further influence the accumulation of seedling biomass above the earth,yet as the seedlings keep growing,such inhibition was decreasing.At the later de-velopment stage of the seedling,increasing the additive proportion of mushroom residue can further promote the de-velopment of the tomato seedling root and enhance the biomass accumulation of the plant.