玉米秸秆还田方式对初烤烟叶品质及土壤肥力的影响

Effects of different corn straw returning modes on quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves and soil fertility

为探索适宜的玉米秸秆还田方式,于2012—2013年通过大田试验,研究了玉米秸秆直接还田、堆沤还田和直接还田＋腐熟剂3种还田方式对烤烟生长发育、烟叶品质及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,不同玉米秸秆还田方式均显著或极显著地促进了烟株干物质的积累,初烤烟叶产量增幅为3.9%~4.8%,产值增幅为5.1%~7.9%;玉米秸秆还田有效改善了烟叶物理特性、常规化学成分的协调性及吃味,提高了土壤肥力。各还田方式中,以玉米秸秆直接还田＋腐熟剂方式对烤烟干物质积累、烟叶经济性状及微生物量影响较大,以玉米秸秆直接还田方式对改善中上部位烟叶内在品质效果较明显。

In order to explore suitable corn straw returning modes to promote the sustainable development of modern tobacco agriculture, effects of different corn straw returning modes on dry matter accumulation, economic traits, in- ternal quality of flue-cured tobacco and soil fertility were determined in 2012 - 2013. h was shown that comparing with non-straw returning, corn straw returning significantly increased tobacco dry matter accumulation. The yield of flue-cured tobacco with corn straw returning increased by 3.9%-4. 8%, and the output growth increased by 5. 1% - 7.9% compared with the control. Besides, corn straw returning effectively improved physical properties, chemical composition and taste of tobacco leaves and increased soil fertility. Among all the tested corn straw returning modes, corn straw returning with decomposition maturing agent exhibited better effects on increasing biomass yield, soil mi- croorganism quantity, and improving economic traits of tobacco leaves, while the mode of corn straw returning direct-ly showed better effects on improving the internal quality of flue-cured tobacco.