美国失业保障制度评述

Review of Unemployment Insurance System in the US

1935年颁布的《社会保障法》在以解决大萧条时期美国失业问题为最根本目的的同时推动了美国整个国家社会保障体系的建立。在随后的发展演变过程中,美国失业保障制度在整体理念和政策内容等方面都经历了巨大而又显著的变化。由此可见,失业保障制度对于缓解失业者痛苦、帮助失业者恢复就业、加快美国经济复苏起了关键性作用,值得其他国家结合自身情况有选择性地借鉴。

The US Federal Social Security Act implemented in 1935 not only dealt with the issue of unemployment during the Great Depression but also push ahead with the US social security system. The unemployment insurance system underwent a series of huge and significant changes in many aspects including the concept and the content of the policies in the subsequent evolution progress. Thus it can be seen that the system played a crucial role in relieving the pain of the unemployed, helping them get reemployed and accelerate the economic recovery in the US. The expe- rience has certain reference significance for other countries.