灌溉水有效利用系数测量方法试验研究

Experimental Study on Measurement Methods for Effective Utilization Coefficient of Irrigation Water

根据灌溉水利用系数的涵义,引出用首尾法和典型渠段法来测定灌溉水利用系数,并对两种测法的相对误差进行了数学分析。并选取冶河灌区大同渠开展田间试验,对两种方法进行验证。结果表明:首尾法测得大同渠灌溉水有效利用系数为0.463,典型渠段法为0.403,相对误差12.96%,首尾法测得的灌溉水利用系数略大,因为首尾法在一定程度上考虑到渗水损失、漏水损失等回归水的利用;而典型渠段法采用连续相乘形式,没有将回归水的再利用考虑在内。首尾法简单方便,能准确测得灌溉水利用系数;典型渠段法工作量大,误差较首尾法大,但可测得各级渠道的输水损失情况,可为灌区节水改造工程提供理论依据。

According to the connotation of effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water,the head-tail method and typical channel segment method are applied to measure the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water,and the relative error between them are analyzed.The irrigation area of DaTong channel is selected to carry out the field experiments to verify the two methods.The results show that the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water measured by head-tail method is 0.463,while the data measured by typical channel segment method is 0.403,the relative error is 12.96%,and the coefficient measured by the head-tail method is slightly larger.This is because head-tail method,in a certain extent,considers the seepage loss,leakage loss and use of return water,and more truly reflects the effective use of irrigation water,while the typical drainage method takes the form of continuous multiplication,which does not consider the use of return water.The head-tail method is simple and convenient,and irrigation water use coefficient can be accurately measured.The workload and the error of typical channel segment method are bigger than those of headtail method,but the typical channel segment method can measure the water damage of various channels,which will provide theoretical basis for water-saving improvement project.