4个蓝莓品种光合特性的比较

Comparison of photosynthetic characteristics of four blueberry cultivars

为了探讨不同品种蓝莓在湖南长沙地区的光合特性与生态适应性,从而为蓝莓的引种栽培提供理论依据,以3年生的‘美登’、‘蓝丰’、‘库帕’和‘梯芙蓝’这4个品种蓝莓为试验材料,对其生长量、叶绿素含量和光合特征参数进行了测定与分析。结果表明:‘梯芙蓝’的植株最高,其生物量积累最多,‘美登’的生物量积累最少,其植株矮小;叶绿素含量从大到小依次为‘库帕’、‘蓝丰’、‘梯芙蓝’、‘美登’;‘梯芙蓝’的Pn日变化曲线呈单峰型,而‘美登’、‘蓝丰’和‘库帕’的Pn日变化曲线呈双峰型,均有明显的"午休"现象,其为非气孔限制因素所致;‘蓝丰’、‘库帕’和‘梯芙蓝’的光补偿点都低于20μmol·m-2s-1,且‘库帕’和‘梯芙蓝’的光饱和点均较低,易发生光抑制现象。文中认为,‘梯芙蓝’和‘库帕’均有较强的低光适应能力,其对高温强光的自我保护能力均高于‘美登’和‘蓝丰’。

In order to research photosynthetic characteristics and ecological adaption of different blueberry cultivars in Changsha City of Hunan, and to provide a theoretical basis for introduction and cultivation of blueberry, taking four three-year-old blueberry cultivars （‘Blomidon’,‘Bluecrop’,‘Cooper’ and‘Tifblue’） as materials, increment, chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic parameters were determined and analyzed. The results showed that‘Tifblue’ plants were the highest and had the most biomass accumulation, and ‘Blomidon’ was on the contrary. ‘Cooper’ had the highest chlorophyll content, followed by ‘Bluecrop’, ‘Tifblue’ and ‘Blomidon’ in turn. Pn diurnal variation of ‘Tifblue’ was a single-peak curve, but those of‘Blomidon’,‘Bluecrop’ and‘Cooper’ were the double-peak curves with remarkable“midday depression”mainly due to non-stomatal limitation. LCP of‘Bluecrop’,‘Cooper’ and‘Tifblue’ were less than 20 μmol＆#183;m - 2s - 1, and both‘Cooper’ and‘Tifblue’ had lower LSP and easily occurred photoinhibition. It came to a conclusion that both‘Cooper’ and‘Tifblue’ had stronger adaptation to low light intensity, and had better ability of self-protection under high temperature and intense sunlight than‘Blomidon’ and‘Bluecrop’.