南岭自然保护区各功能区景观格局研究

Study on landscape patterns changes of each functional zone in Nanling National Nature Reserve in Guangdong province

以广东南岭国家级自然保护区森林资源小班数据以及1988、1999和2009年3期遥感影像为基础数据,基于e Cogntion、Arc GIS和IDRISI软件,对保护区各功能区20年间景观格局的动态变化进行定量分析。结果表明:1)各功能区景观以森林为主,其中实验区针叶林和常绿阔叶林约为77%,缓冲区常绿阔叶林约为56%,核心区则以常绿阔叶林为主,约为78%;2)各功能区景观类型斑块面积呈波动趋势,斑块数量、边缘密度和斑块密度增加,景观破碎化程度随时间的推移呈上升趋势;3)各功能区森林景观类型之间转化频繁,非森林景观类型建设用地和水域面积变化明显增加;4)各功能区景观类型最大斑块指数呈波动趋势,景观结构随时间变化更加丰富和复杂;5)研究期间各功能区景观连通性增强,景观多样性基本维持稳定水平,有效维护了生态系统的稳定性。

With 1︰10 000 topogaphic maps, updated Forest Resource Inventory Data in 1988, 1999 and 2009, based on the GIS platform and eCogntion, ArcGIS and IDRISI softwares, the dynamic changes of landscape patterns of natural-level nature reserve functional zones during the 20 years period in Nanling National Reserve in Guangdong province were quantiifcationally analyzed. The results show that （1） the landscape zone patterns mainly were the forests, of them, the coniferous and evergreen broad-leaved forest occupied large proportion （77%） in the experimental zone, the evergreen broad-leaved forest occupied 56% in the buffer zone and the evergreen broad-leaved forest occupied 78% in the core zone; （2） the numbers of patch, patch density and marginal density all increased, the areas of landscape type plaquefluctuated, the degree of landscape fragmentation raised with time passed in each functional zone; （3） the forest landscape types conversed frequently in each functional zone, the non-forest landscapes such as construction land and waters increased signiifcantly; （4） Maximum plaque indexes of each landscape type showedfluctuation trends, the landscape structure changed more rich and complex with time went on; （5） Landscape connection enhanced in each functional zone during the studying period, and landscape diversity almost kept the maintenance level, which effectively maintained the stability of ecosystem in the studied region.