5个油茶无性系花粉贮藏特性及杂交亲和力的研究

The Research about the storage characteristic of pollen and artificial hybridization affinity about five kinds of Camellia oleifera clones

为了研究油茶花粉贮藏特性及品系间杂交亲和性规律,选取‘长林3号’、‘长林166号’、‘长林4号’、‘湘林8号’、‘岑软3号’共5个油茶无性系花粉进行贮藏特性及人工杂交亲和性研究,通过对不同贮藏条件下花粉萌发率的对比及不同杂交组合杂交座果率的统计与分析,发现随着贮藏时间延长,花粉生活力呈明显下降趋势,油茶花粉最佳贮藏方式为冷冻干燥贮藏,‘长林3号’、‘长林166号’油茶无性系花粉冷冻贮藏90d后花粉萌发率均具45%以上,室温干燥保存50d后花粉全部失活,低温干燥保存90d后花粉萌发率均比冷冻干燥保存下花粉萌发率低10%左右;6个杂交组合中亲和力较好的组合为:♀湘林8号×♂长林3号、♀长林4号×♂长林3号、♀湘林8号×♂长林166号、♀长林166号×♂岑软3号3月份座果率分别为40%、44%、48%、52%。

To investigate the storage characteristic of pollen and artificial hybridization affinity about five kinds of Camellia oleifera. 5 Camellia oleifera species which consisted of ＇Changlin 3＇, ＇Changlin 166＇, ＇Changlin 4＇, ＇Xianglin 8＇ and ＇Cenruan 3＇ were aimed to examine the effects of different storage condition on pollen germination and the artificial hybridization affinity. Through the contrast of pollen germination rate in different storage conditions and the statistics and analysis of hybrid fruit-set rate of different hybridized combinations, it indicated that the longer the storage time is, the lower the pollen viability will be. It also showed that the freeze-dried was the best storage method of Camellia oleifera pollen. The pollen germination rates of ＇Changlin 3＇ and ＇Changlin 166＇, Camellia oleifera pollen were all more than 45% after 90 days＇ freeze-dried storage and all the pollen lost viability after 50 days＇ dry storage at room temperature. After 90 days of cold-dried storage, the pollen germination rate was about 10% less than in freeze-dried storage. Among the six hybridized combinations, there were four combinations with good affinity. They were ♀ Xianglin 8 ×♂ Changlin 3, ♀ Changlin 4 ×♂ Changlin 3, ♀ Xianglin 8 ×♂ Canglin 166, ♀ Changlin 166 ×♂ Cenruan 3. And the fruit set percentages of the four combinations in March were 40%, 44%, 48%, 52% respectively.