湖北省森林生态系统碳储量及碳密度特征

Carbon storage and carbon density of forest ecosystems in Hubei Province

基于2009年湖北省林业资源连续调查第六次复查数据和标准地实测数据,采用政府间气候变化委员会（IPCC）推荐的森林碳储量估算方法,研究湖北省森林生态系统的碳储量、碳密度和组分特征。结果表明：湖北省森林生态系统总碳储量710.01 Tg·C,其中乔木层、灌木层、枯落物层、土壤层分别占其总碳储量的15.74%、2.89%、2.11%和80.56%,天然林和人工林碳储量分别为420.43 Tg·C和151.59 Tg·C。湖北省森林生态系统平均碳密度为111.51 t·hm^-2,表现为土壤层〉乔木层〉灌木层〉枯落物层,不同森林生态系统碳密度差异较大,介于88.32~177.79 t·hm^-2之间。森林不同林层中,乔木层碳密度介于7.63~55.7 t·hm^-2,灌木层碳密度介于0.25~12.49 t·hm^-2,枯落物层碳密度1.14~3.53 t·hm^-2之间,土壤层碳密度介于73.25~136.87 t·hm^-2之间,主要集中在30 cm的土层厚度,呈现明显的表聚特征,土壤碳储量平均为植被层的3.88倍。森林生态系统碳密度表现为针阔混交林〉阔叶林〉针叶林,近成过熟林〉中龄林〉幼龄林。湖北省森林主要以中幼林为主,林业碳汇潜力巨大,合理的经营方式,可以提高森林结构质量水平,有效增加森林的碳汇功能。

Based on the data from the sixth forest resources inventory and standard field data obtained by Forestry Institute of Hubei Province, carbon storage, carbon density, and component characteristics in Hubei＇ s forest ecosystems were estimated and analyzed through the methods for forest carbon storage estimation recommended by the IPCC. The results showed that the total carbon storage in Hubei＇ s forest ecosystems was 710.0l Tg.C, and arbor layer, shrub layer, litter layer and soil layer account for 15.74%, 2.89%, 2.11% 和 80.56% of the total carbon storage, respectively. The carbon storage of natural forest 420.43 Tg·C while for plantation forest, it was 151.59 T g.C. The average carbon density of Hubei＇ s forest ecosystem was 111.51 t·hm^-2, and the average carbon density of individual layer follows the order of soil layer 〉 arbor layer 〉 shrub layer 〉 litter layer. The carbon density varied from 88.32 t·hm^-2 to 177.79 t·hm^-2, depending on forest ecosystem, specifically, the carbon density range of arbor layer, shrub layer, litter layer and soil layer is respectively 7.63 t·hm^-2~ 55.7 t·hm^-2, 0.25 t·hm^-2- 12.49 t·hm^-2, 1.14 t·hm^-2~ 3.53 t·hm^-2, and 73.25 t·hm^-2~ 136.87 t·hm^-2. Carbon density in soil layer is 3.88 times of that in vegetation layer and the soil carbon mainly concentrated in the 30cm surface layer thickness, displaying obvious surface accumulation. The carbon density of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest is the biggest, followed by broad-leaved forest, and showed coniferous forest the least carbon density. If the carbon density was further classified by the forest age, the order is near mature forest 〉 middle-aged forest 〉 young forest. In the Hubei Province, young trees dominate the forest, which has great potential, so forest structure can be improved and forest carbon can be increased through reasonable forest managements.