中国边境地区人口分布的地域特征与国别差异

Regional Patterns and National Differences of Population Distribution in China's Border Region

文章以LandScan人口数据集为基础,采用GIS空间分析与数理统计方法,以沿中国陆地边境线内外不同欧氏距离的缓冲区为研究区,分析中国边境人口分布的国别趋势与差异,结果表明：（1）中国边境地区人口分布基本格局是南密北疏;境内外人口密度相比较,东北和西北边境是境内大于境外,西南边境则相反。（2）中国边境人口丰度很低,境外普遍低于国内人口密度;就人口集聚水平变化而言,2000-2010年,中朝边境外升内降,中俄、中蒙边境内外均降,西北4国边境内升外降,西南7国边境内外升降比例相当。（3）人口减少是边境人口变化的主要特征;人口显著减少地区境内为东北和西北,境外为中朝边境及西南边境大部分地区。

This article examines national differences and tendencies of population distribution in China＇ s border regions using LandScan population density data and GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics. The broad pattern is that the southern border region is densely populated while the northern sparsely inhabited. Population density in the domestic region is higher than in the foreign region on the northeast and northwest border, while it is in the opposite on the southwest border. Population density is universally lower in the foreign regions than in the domestic regions. Population decline is a major characteristic of population change on the Chinese border, with major population reductions occurred in the domestic regions on the northeast and northwest borders and in the foreign regions on the China- North Korea border and the southwest border.