大众化高等教育背景下我国过度教育的现象分析

Analysis on China's Phenomenon of Over-education in the Background of Mass Higher Education

从1999年扩招以来,中国高等教育大众化的步伐逐渐加快,高等教育规模得到迅速扩张,越来越多受过高等教育的劳动力涌入市场,但是与此同时大学毕业生就业难问题也日益突出,很多毕业生从事了与自己学历不匹配的工作,教育技能不能被充分利用,劳动力市场上产生了大量的高知低就现象。本文首先基于大众化的高等教育背景分析我国过度教育的现状,根据CGSS数据和Mincer模型的变式对2008年过度教育的影响实证分析,得到过度教育劳动力比非过度教育劳动力的教育回报率要低11.53%,最后分析提出有效解决过度教育的政策建议。

Since the enrollment expansion in 1999, China has been gradually accelerating the pace of popularization of higher education, the scale of higher education has been rapidly ex-panded, and more and more highly educated labor force has swarmed into the market, but at the same time, university gradu-ates＇ difficult employment has become increasingly prominent, and many graduates, failing to make full use of their educational skills, are engaged with jobs that do not match their qualifica-tions, resulting in a large number of highly educated talents un-dertaking low-level jobs in the labor market. This paper first an-alyzes the current situation of over-education based on the popu-larity of higher education, and according to the empirical analysis on the influence of over-education in 2008 with CGSS data and the variant of Mincer model, comes to the conclusion that the rate of return to education of over-educated labor force is 11.53%which is lower than that of non-over-educated labor force, and＆amp;nbsp;finally puts forward policy recommendations to effectively elimi-nate over-education.