心理干预护理对结直肠癌化疗患者生活质量和焦虑抑郁情绪的改善作用

Evaluation of Anxiety and Depression Levels and Quality of life in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer：Effects of Mental Nursing

目的：对比化疗前后结直肠癌患者生活质量、焦虑抑郁情绪的改变，探讨心理干预护理对减轻患者焦虑、抑郁情绪，促进化疗后生活质量提高的疗效。方法：选择结直肠癌患者80例，随机分为干预组40例和对照组40例，对照组采用常规护理方式，干预组在常规护理的基础上在放疗前、中、后期给予心理干预。并观察2组焦虑（SAS）、抑郁（SDS）和生活质量（QLQ－C30）等量表评分变化。结果：首次化疗前所有患者焦虑评分均较入院时提高，差异具有显著性（P＜0．05）；干预治疗4周和12周后，干预组和对照组患者的焦虑抑郁及生活质量评分较入院时明显改善，差异有显著性（P＜0．05或0．001）；干预组改善更为明显，组间差异具有显著性（P＜0．05或0．001）；与4周相比，干预治疗12周后焦虑抑郁和生活质量评分改善更显著，差异具有显著性（ P＜0．001）。结论：化疗本身是一种应激因素，会加重癌症患者的心理负担，而通过心理干预能有效改善化疗前患者的焦虑状态，并进一步缓解患者化疗中后期患者焦虑抑郁情绪，有助于促进患者生活质量的提高。

Objective：In the present study, we aimed to evaluate quality of life, level of anxiety and depression before and after a 12-week follow-up period in chemotherapy receiving patients with colorectal cancer and the effects of menatl nursing on it.Methods：The study was conducted in 80 patients with colon or rectal cancer （ CRC） .They were randomly divided into two groups, intervention group＆amp;nbsp;（40 cases） and control group （40 cases） .Before and after receiving chemotherapy period, usual care was carried out on control group, and additional mental nursing was done on the intervention group.After that, the score of self-relating anxiety scale （ SAS） ,self-rela-ting depression scale （SDS） and EORTC QLQ-C30 Scale （QLQ-C30） were evaluated, compared and analyzed.Results：The scores of anxiety with all CRC patients were significantly high than admission when assessed the week before chemotherapy; And after mental nursing, the scores of SAS, SDS and QLO-30 were obviously improved than usual group.（P〈0.05 or 0.001）.Moreover, all scores of nursing group measured in the 12-week after chemotherapy were statistically significantly higher than the initial （ contain 4-week after chemotherapy） .Conclusions：These data, shows that Chemotherapy is a kind of stress factors which could add the psychological burden of cancer patients, and with usual care ＋mental nursing, quality of life score, and the anxiety and depression levels improve during the course of nursing.