索绪尔的纯粹语言价值思想

Saussure's Thought on Language as a System of Pure Values

语言价值系统的"纯粹性"主要是指与其它研究价值的学科相对立的、与自然的资料没有直接联系的属性。语言学与经济学和文字学对立,因为后两者中的要素与自然资料之间存在着必然的联系。纯粹的语言价值系统具有集体心理规约性和偶然性的特征。语言价值系统纯粹性的意义重大,能使我们克服语言学研究中的错误倾向,进一步明确语言学的研究对象,更好地理解语言的性质。

A language is a system of pure values, and its pure nature refers to the one which language is in opposition to the sciences concerned with values, the system. Linguistics is in opposition to economics and bears no natural connexions with the things outside and the study of writing system, for the connexions of the latter two with the things outside the systems are inevitable. The language system of pure values has fortuitous and collectively conventionalized characters. The pure nature of language system is of great importance, for it can enable us to avoid some erroneous tendency in the study of language, to further clear the object of language study, and to better understand the nature of language.