新型职业农民权利实现能力建设研究——基于安徽五县的调研

A Study on Strengthening New Professional Farmers' Capability of Right Realization:Based on a Survey from Five Counties in Anhui Province

2012年,中央"一号文件"提出要"大力培育新型职业农民"。新型职业农民是指以农业为职业、具有一定的专业技能、收入主要来自农业的现代农业从业者。本次调查统计的结果表明安徽省新型职业农民的法律意识不强,知权、权利运用以及依法维权能力严重不足。而造成这一问题的主要原因有:农民文化水平整体较低、法制教育重视不足、小农意识及农村社会环境对农民的影响等。针对以上问题,结合当下安徽以及中国的实际,加强新型职业农民的权利实现能力应当采取以下措施:夯实并完善新型职业农民培训、加强新型职业农民自治组织建设、建设"权利本位"的新法律文化,等。

The＂No. 1 Central Document＂ of 2012 proposed that ＂we should cultivate new professional farmers vigorously＂. New professional farmers refer to the modem practitioners who are engaged in agriculture and possess a certain extent of professional skills and whose income mainly comes from farming. The results of the survey, which was made in five counties in Anhui Province, show that new professional farmers do not possess a strong awareness of law, and are in serious shortage of capability to know, use and safeguard their rights. The main causes for this problem include： low literacy, deficiency of legal education in rural areas, traditional smallholder awareness, rural social environment and so on. Therefore, it is necessary for us to be aware of the current situation of Anhui and China, and take such measures as reinforcing and improving the training of new professional farmers, promoting the construction of farmers~ autonomous associations, building a new legal culture ＂with rights as the basic unit＂ and so on.