毛竹纤维颗粒水热处理及其对PVC基复合材料性能的影响

Hydrothermal modification of bamboo fiber particle and its influence on bamboo-fiber-reinforced PV Ccomposite

在120～280℃温度范围内,采用水热处理方法改性毛竹纤维颗粒,并利用该材料生产PVC基复合材料.通过对改性竹纤维颗粒表面结构、化学组分分析及与其相应PVC基复合材料的力学强度、耐水性等指标的测定发现,水热处理能促进竹纤维与PVC的相容性,水热改性后竹纤维在PVC基体中分布更加均匀.经180℃水热处理后复合材料的拉伸强度、弹性模量及静曲强度达到极大值;水热处理温度为140℃时的弯曲变形率和水热处理温度为200 ℃时的断裂伸长率均达到最大值;处理温度为280℃时,复合材料2和24 h吸水率和吸水厚度膨胀率分别为各个温度处理中的极小值.

Bamboo fiber particle were hydrothermally treated at different temperatures from 120 to 280 ℃, and the bamboo- fiber-reinforced polyvinyl chloride （PVC） composites were prepared. The surface structure and chemical composition of the modified bamboo fiber particle were tested, the mechanical properties and water resistance of the bamboo fiber reinforced PVC composite were comparatively investigated. The results showed that the hydrothermal pretreatment could promote the compatibility between bamboo fiber and PVC and make the distribution of bamboo fiber more even. The tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture of the composites reached the maximum values when the treating temperature was 180 ℃. The flexural deformation and elongation at break reached the maximum values at 140 and 200 ℃ respectively. The lowest 2 and 24 h thickness swelling and water absorption appeared at 280 ℃.