上古仪式中心从宗庙到宫殿的演进

The Evolution of the Center of Ancient Rituals from Ancestral Temple to Palace

上古仪式中心从宗庙到宫殿的演进,先是从庙寝合一体系到路寝渐次独立出来变成正寝或王寝,然后正寝具有实际行政功能,最后成为名符其实的宫殿。与由庙到宫的演进相伴随的,是三个方面的变化:一是都城结构的变化,由座东朝西的主潮变为座北朝南的结构;二是宫庙位置的变化,庙由中心移到旁位;三是宫殿中心的最后定型。这一从宗庙中心到宫殿中心的建筑结构变化,透出了一种中华民族性格。

The evolution of the center of ancient rituals from ancestral temple to palace started from the combination of temple and chamber to the gradual independence of luqin （ principal chamber） which evolved into zhengqin （ central chamber） or wangqin （ king chamber）. Later on, Zhengqin acquired actual administra- tive function and finally turned into palace as the name suggested. Accompanied with the evolution from temple to palace were the changes in three aspects. The first change is that the capital structure, originally following the mainstream - seated east facing west, turned into being seated north facing south. The second is the change of the positions of the palace and temple, with the temple moving from the center to the side. The third change is the final establishment of palace as the center. The change of the architectural structure from the temple to the palace as the center permeates with the disposition of Chinese nation.