不同楼梯入口设置方式下人员疏散的模拟研究

Numerical simulation on evacuation under different settings ways of staircase entrance

针对高层建筑楼梯疏散过程中的汇流行为,采用数值模拟的方法研究了5种不同楼梯间入口设置方式下的人员疏散过程。结果表明:高层建筑的各楼层人员进入楼梯间的疏散时间与楼层符合线性关系;楼梯间入口临近平台上段楼梯比临近下段楼梯更有利于人员的安全疏散,楼梯间入口位于楼梯对面比位于楼梯两侧更有利于人员的安全疏散;楼梯间入口位于平台上段楼梯对面最有效地促进了人员在平台的汇流行为,减少建筑中人员的疏散时间。

In order to analyze the converging behavior in the staircase evacuation process of high-rise building, the evacuation scenarios under five different setting ways of staircase entrance were studied by numerical simulation. The results showed that the evacuation time of personnel in each floor accords with the linear relationship with the number of floor.The staircase entrance which is closed to the upper staircase of platform is more advantage to evac-uation than that closed to the lower staircase, and the staircase entrance which is opposite to the staircase is more advantage to evacuation than that located at the both sides of staircase.The staircase entrance which is opposite to the upper staircase of platform is the most effective way to promote the converging behavior of personnel on the plat-form, and it can reduce the evacuation time in the high-rise building.