大兴安岭-太行山重力梯度带以西的第四纪火山活动

Quaternary Volcanic Activities in the West of the Daxing'anling-Taihangshan Gravity Lineament

大兴安岭—太行山重力梯度带以西的第四纪火山活动自北往南贯穿兴蒙造山带和华北克拉通2个大地构造单元,可以分为北、中、南三部分,展现规模不等的火山群:北部诺敏河火山群和绰尔河—哈拉哈河火山群,中部阿巴嘎火山群和达里诺尔火山群,南部大同火山群和乌兰哈达火山群。这些火山群主要由单成因火山组成,少则几十座,多则200余座,如阿巴嘎火山群向北延入蒙古达里干加,构成亚洲东部面积最大的新生代火山区。因此,大兴安岭—太行山重力梯度带以西的第四纪火山成为探讨大陆内部火山活动构造背景与成因机制的重要场所,也是获取大兴安岭—太行山重力梯度带东西两侧和兴蒙造山带与华北克拉通2个大地构造单元岩石圈差异演化信息的重要窗口。本文介绍了这些火山的分布、构造背景和成因机制。

Quaternary volcanic activities in the west of the Daxing＇anling-Taihangshan gravity lineament stretch,from north to south,across two different geotectonic setting,the Xing＇an Mongolian orogenic belt and the North China Craton. The volcanic activities generated three volcanic clusters with various sizes： Nuominhe volcanic cluster and Chaoerhe-Halahahe volcanic cluster in the north,Abaga volcanic cluster and Dalinuoer volcanic cluster in the middle,and Datong volcanic cluster and Wulanhada volcanic cluster in the south. These volcanic clusters consist mainly of monogenetic volcanos with the cone number from dozens to more than 200. For example,the Abaga-Dalinuoer volcanic field in Inner Mongolia extends northwestward into the adjacent Dariganga lava plateau of Mongolia,forming the largest Cenozoic volcanic fields in eastern Asia. Thus,the west of Daxing＇anling-Taihangshan gravity lineament is a key place to（ 1） discuss origin and tectonic setting of intra-continent volcanic activity,and（ 2） study differential evolutions between the east and west sides of the Daxing＇anling-Taihangshan gravity lineament and between the Xing＇an Mongolian orogenic belt and the North China Craton.