地震流体地球化学应用研究概述

A Review on Applications of Seismic-Fluid Geochemistry

综述了近几年国内外有关流体地球化学异常与地震活动、土壤气监测断裂构造活动与火山喷发以及深部流体地球化学研究方面的成果。多项研究表明,地下气体的映震能力较高,研究断层土壤气地球化学特征随时间的变化,可进一步研究地震动力学特征,从而为震情判定提供依据。因此加强断层土壤气测量来监测断裂活动,是探索地震前兆与地震预测的重要途径,是今后地震地下流体的研究方向。深部流体是地球各大圈层相互作用中最活跃因素,对地球深部构造活动起重要作用,可为地震预报提供有力依据。因此对其地球化学特征及运移机制的研究应给予充分重视。

The paper reviewed the application advances of fluid geochemistry in monitoring earthquake and in detecting fault activities,volcano eruption and deep-earth fluid processes. It had been shown that emission of underground gases are effective indicators for earthquake and for understanding the earthquake fault geodynamic characteristics and the relationship between seismic activity and fault gas,and that soil gas geochemistry methods were used to investigate the surface rupture and the concentrations of Rn and Hg in fault zones. It is an important approach to measure soil gas in the fault zone for monitoring fault activities and finding earthquake precursors and new methods for earthquake prediction,and it is the direction for studying seismic geochemistry of underground fluid in the future. The deep fluid is the most active factor in interactions between the earth＇s spheres,more attention should be paid in its geochemical characteristics and migration mechanism and this will provide basis for earthquake prediction.