早期护理干预对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的疗效及发育的影响

Effect of early nursing intervention on the therapeutic effect and prognosis of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

目的 探讨早期护理干预对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的疗效及预后的影响。方法 选择在我院2012年1月-2014年1月住院治疗的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿60例,随机分为干预组和对照组,每组各30例,对照组予常规基础护理,干预组予早期护理干预,比较两组的疗效、护理期间的并发症及两组患者治疗后3个月、6个月、12个月的MDI、PDI变化。结果 干预组疗效的总有效率为96.7%,对照组疗效的总有效率为70.0%,干预组的疗效显著优于对照组（χ2=5.342,P=0.003）。干预组护理期间出现惊厥、低血糖、颅内高压及呕吐、呛咳的发生率分别为26.7%、10.0%、23.3%、13.3%,分别显著低于对照组50.0%、30.0%、50.0%、30.0%（P〈0.05）。干预后6个月、12个月,干预组的MDI、PDI分别较干预后3个月显著提高,且干预组干预后6个月、12个月的MDI、PDI分别显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论 早期护理干预可以提高新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的疗效,降低并发症的发生率,提高患者的智力发育水平及运动发育水平。

Objective To investigate the effect of early nursing intervention on prognosis of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Methods 60 children with hypoxic ischemia encephalopathy in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2014 were randomly divided into intervention group and control group, 30 cases in each group, control group received routine nursing, intervention group given early nursing intervention, nursing effect of the two groups were compared, and during the treatment,complications were compared between two groups,after treatment 3 months, 6 months,12 months, MDI and PDI changes were compared between two groups. Results The the total effective rate of nursing group was 96.7%, the control group was 70.0%, the nursing effect of the intervention group was significantly better than the control group（χ2=5.342, P =0.003）. During intervention, the intervention group appeared convulsion, hypoglycemia, intracranial hypertension and vomiting, choking cough incidence were 26.7% and 10.0%, 23.3%, 13.3%, respectively, significantly lower than the control group 50.0%, 30.0%, 50.0%, 30.0%（P〈0.05）. The difference was not statistically significant（P〈0.05）. After intervention 6 months and 12 months,the MDI and PDI of intervention group respec tively significantly improved compared with before intervention 3 months,and the MDI and PDI of intervention group after intervention 6 months and 12 months were significantly higher than those of the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Early nursing intervention can improve the nursing effect of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, reduce the incidence of complications, improve the level of mental development and sports development level.