植物提取物的生物学功能及其作用机理

Biological Functions of Plant Extracts and Its Mechanisms

植物提取物是指一类来源于植物的,具有一种或多种生物学功能的活性物质,添加在饲料中能起到促生长、抗氧化、抗病毒、免疫增强等多种功能,且在畜产品中无残留,动物体内不易产生病原菌的抗药性。由于植物提取物种类的多样性,其生物学活性的作用机制也不尽相同,这其中包括对体内抗氧化酶在转录和翻译水平的调控、病原菌表面受体结合与穿透融和、介导免疫细胞信号通路、去瘤胃原虫作用、减少甲烷菌的增殖等多个方面。本文综述了当前对植物提取物的种类、生物学功能及作用机理的研究,为今后在此领域开展更深入的研究提供参考。

Plant extracts are a kind of plant-derived active materials,which exert one or multiple biological functions such as growth promotion,antioxidant,antivirus,and immunological enhancement etc,when applied into animal feeding.Based on the diversity of chemical structure,plant extracts exhibited multifarious acting mechanisms referring to the modulation of antioxidant enzymes,sterilization of pathogenic bacteria,mediation of signaling pathways,defaunation,and inhibition of the methanobacteria proliferation,etc.This paper summarized the biological functions and its mechanisms of plant extracts,as well as the actual application effects in practice so as to provide a reference for further study in this field.