德氏乳杆菌对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化率、血清生化指标及肠道结构的影响

Effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Intestinal Structure of Fattening Pigs

本研究旨在探讨德氏乳杆菌对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化率、血清生化指标及肠道结构的影响。试验选用120头健康、体重相近的育肥猪,随机分为2组,每组6个重复（栏）,每重复10头（公母各占1/2）。对照组饲喂基础饲粮（无抗）,试验组饲喂含0.1%德氏乳杆菌制剂的基础饲粮,试验为期42d,在第12～14天（前期）、第26～28天（中期）和第40～42天（后期）分别收集每栏新鲜粪便,并于第42天采血,试验结束后每栏选取体重相近的阉公猪屠宰。结果显示：1）与对照组相比,试验组生长性能得到改善,但差异不显著（P〉0.05）。2）与对照组相比,试验组前期和中期的粗蛋白质（CP）和粗脂肪（EE）消化率均显著提高（P〈0.05）,总能（GE）和粗灰分（ash）消化率均极显著提高（P〈0.01）,2组的粗纤维（CF）消化率在前期差异显著（P〈0.05）,中期差异不显著（P〉0.05）;试验后期,除ash的消化率极显著提高（P〈0.01）外,其他各养分消化率差异不显著（P〉0.05）。3）试验组血清尿素（urea）含量及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性均高于对照组,但差异不显著（P〉0.05）。4）与对照组相比,试验组十二指肠、空肠和回肠的黏膜厚度均增加,但差异不显著（P〉0.05）;十二指肠隐窝深度显著降低（P〈0.05）,空肠绒毛高度极显著增加（P〈0.01）;十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）均极显著或显著增加（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。结果表明：德氏乳杆菌可改善育肥猪肠道结构形态,促进饲粮养分的消化吸收和代谢,改善育肥猪的生长性能。

The study aimed at investigating the effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,serum biochemical indexes and intestinal structure of fattening pigs.A total of 120 healthy fattening pigs were randomly divided into 2groups according to their body weight,and 6replicates（pens）per group with 10pigs（half male and half female）per replicate.The control group was fed basal diet（without antibiotic）,while the experimental group was fed basal diet containing 0.1% Lactobacillus delbrueckii,and the diets were fed for 42 d.The fresh fecal samples of each pen were collected in the period from the day 12 to day 14（earlier stage）,day 26 to day 28（middle stage）and day 40 to day 42（later stage）,respectively,and then collect anterior vena cava blood on the day 42,since the trial ended,one barrow with the similar body weight in each pen was slaughtered.The results were as follows：1）the experimental group had a greater growth performance than the control group,but there was no significant difference（P〉0.05）.2）Compared with the control group,during earlier and middle stages,the digestibility of crude protein（CP）,extract ether（EE）and crude fiber（CF）were improved significantly（P〈0.05）,the digestibility of gross energy（GE）and ash was improved extremely significantly（P〈0.01）,while the digestibility of CF was increased significantly in the earlier stage（P〈0.05）but not in the middle stage（P〉0.05）.In later stage,except for the digestibility of ash was significantly increased（P〈0.01）,there was no significant difference on the other nutrient digestibility（P〉0.05）.3）The experimental group had higher content of serum urea and activities of alanine aminotransferase（ALT）,alkaline phosphatase（ALP）and aspartate aminotransferase（AST）,but there was no significant difference（P〉0.05）.4）Compared with control group,the mucosal thickness of duodenum,jejunum and ileum was improved,but there was no significant difference（P〉0.05）,the crypt depth of duodenum was decreased significantly（P〈0.05）,the villous height of jejunum was increased extremely significantly（P〈0.01）,the villous height/crypt depth（V/C）of duodenum,jejunum and ileum was improved significantly or extremely significantly（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.It is concluded that adding 0.1% Lactobacillus delbrueckii into antibiotic-free diet can ameliorate intestinal structure,promote the digestion,absorption and metabolism of nutrients,and improve growth performance of fattening pigs.