CRISPR-Cas系统在细菌生理中的作用

Progress of CRISPR-Cas System in Bacterial Physiology Processes

规律成簇的间隔短回文重复(CRISPR)及相关基因(cas)组成了CRISPR-Cas系统,该系统存在于约90%的古细菌和40%的细菌基因组内,使细菌对外源基因的入侵具有获得性免疫作用。我们简要介绍细菌CRISPR-Cas系统的结构和作用机制,并对其在细菌毒力、耐药性传递、生物膜形成等生理中的作用进行综述。

CRISPR-Cas system comprises clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats（CRISPR） and CRISPR-associated（cas） gene, which is discovered in 90% of archaea and 40% of bacteria. The existence of CRISPR-Cas system endows bacteria with the ability of acquired immunity against foreign DNA invasion. We intro- duced the structure of CRISPR-Cas system and mechanism of its acquired immunity in brief, and mainly summa- rized the role of CRISPR-Cas system in bacterial physiology processes, including bacterial virulence, drug-resis- tance transmission and biofilm formation.